Rework parser: eager cache, hinted scan, wstring_view

[kylereedmsft]

• Replace lazy deque cache with vector<property_info> fully populated on first access (ensure_cache_populated)
• Add hinted linear scan for name->index resolution; sequential access is O(1) per call, callers can also provide explicit hints
• Add parse/try_parse/view_of overloads accepting a ULONG hint parameter
• Convert all property name parameters from const std::wstring& to std::wstring_view to avoid temporary allocations
• Chain no-hint overloads to hint versions to eliminate code duplication

[kylereedmsft]

We decided that for our normal use cases (sparse access), eager caching adds more overhead even though it's better for full record access. We're going with #275 instead which includes the hinting from this PR.